A comprehensive overview of easy monetary policy, its purposes, and implications.
A former measure of broad money (M3) in the UK, encompassing various monetary components.
A central banker with a higher valuation of price stability relative to activity levels than the average for a country’s population.
The system by which an economy is provided with money, ensuring financial stability and economic growth.
A monetary policy rule that postulates how a central bank determines interest rates based on deviations in inflation and output gap from their target values.
An exploration of the policies and instruments used to manage aggregate demand through the regulation of credit.
An economics term defining a system where a country’s exchange rate remains constant relative to a benchmark currency or basket of currencies.
An overview of the Interest Equalization Tax, its historical context, definitions, major analytical frameworks, and further studies
The Purchase or Sale of Securities by the Central Bank to Influence Interest Rates and Money Supply
Overview and analysis of the economic concept of over-stimulation
An overview of the concept of monetary control within economics, elucidating its definition, frameworks, and implications.
An arrangement by central banks to lend one another reserves to stabilize exchange rates and prevent speculative attacks.
An in-depth exploration of the concept of floating exchange rate in economics, including its different forms, analytical frameworks, historical context, and comparative analysis.
Detailed overview of the concept of intra-marginal intervention in foreign exchange markets
A systematic rule used by a central bank to determine its choice of monetary policy.
Definition and in-depth exploration of quantitative easing as a monetary policy instrument used by central banks.
A reserve rule requiring the bank issuing a currency to hold gold of equal value.
A policy of allowing the supply of money to expand in line with the demand for it, balancing economic growth and inflation.
A system where countries stabilize their exchange rates around par values with the right to change these values when necessary.
The conduct of monetary policy through channels that are not publicly observable.
Understanding balances held at the Bank of England by UK commercial banks used for settling interbank transactions.
Definition and meaning of the Bank of England as the central bank of the United Kingdom.
A comprehensive entry detailing the definition, history, and implications of the Bank Rate.
An overview and detailed breakdown of the banking system, encompassing traditional banks, central banks, regulatory bodies, and shadow banks.
Measurement unit for changes or differences in interest rates, equal to 1 per cent of 1 percentage point.
Discussion of the Bretton Woods conference and the resulting international monetary arrangements established in 1944
A comprehensive explanation of what constitutes a central bank, its role, and its importance in monetary policy.
A comprehensive overview of central bank independence, exploring its significance, historical context, definitions, major analytical frameworks, comparative analysis, and case studies in economics.
The maintenance of low interest rates intended to encourage investment, particularly during recessions.
An examination of the classical dichotomy in economic theory, exploring its fundamental meaning, historical development, and analytical frameworks.
A measure of inflation of consumer prices excluding certain volatile items.
A colloquial name for the Supplementary Special Deposits Scheme in the UK used from 1973 to 1980 to control the growth of bank deposits and interest-bearing eligible liabilities.
A form of a fixed exchange rate regime with controlled rate changes rather than fixed levels.
The process by which banks collectively create loans in excess of the base money they receive.
A reduction in the availability of loans accompanied by an increase in the severity of the conditions required to be granted credit.
An economic policy package intended to restrain the level of demand by restricting credit.
A decrease in the value of one currency in terms of other currencies.
Replacement of a currency by a new one to address various economic issues such as inflation or financial regulation.
Explanation of the economic term 'dear money,' involving high interest rates and their impacts on borrowing.
A foundational report proposing a single currency and common monetary policy for the European Community.
The use of monetary and fiscal policy to influence the level of aggregate real effective demand in the economy.
The withdrawal from a currency or precious metal of its acceptance as a form of money. Gold was demonetized as an international currency in 1971 by the Group of Seven governments.
An exchange rate regime where a currency's value is allowed to fluctuate in response to foreign exchange market mechanisms with occasional government intervention.
An overview of the discount window as a key entity in monetary policy and central banking operations
The use by a country of a foreign currency (often the dollar) in parallel with, or as an alternative to, the domestic currency.
The increase in the money supply within an economy, not due to a balance-of-payments surplus but owing to lending by the banking system to the state or private sector.
A comprehensive entry on the concept of economic planning, covering definitions, historical contexts, major analytical frameworks, and more.
A comprehensive overview of economic policy, its components, and analytical frameworks used to regulate economic activity.
The central institution of the European Monetary Union (EMU) responsible for monetary policy, interest rates, and issuing euro currency.
A European organization established to study the problems of organizing a European Central Bank
A UK government account at the Bank of England for managing gold and foreign exchange reserves and IMF special drawing rights.
Limits to variations in exchange rates when a country commits itself to hold the exchange rate between its own currency and some foreign currency or currencies within a limited band.
An economic policy intended to change total expenditure through various fiscal and monetary measures.
An overview of the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States.
Definition and meaning of fiduciary issue in economics.
A comprehensive exploration of the term 'Foreign Exchange,' its definition, significance, contexts in economics, and relevant analytical frameworks.
The condition of the balance of payments under which the original rules of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) allowed countries to devalue their currencies.
The process of converting government debt from short-term to long-term forms in economic contexts.
Definition and meaning of the gold exchange standard, its evolution, and comparative analysis with the gold standard.
A comprehensive overview of the gold standard, its history, conceptual framework, and analytical implications in economics.
An economic policy approach focused on gradually stabilizing inflation by moderating the growth rate of the money supply.
Recession following a period of excess demand and inflation caused by severe fiscal and monetary restraints.
Definition and explanation of high-powered money in economics.
A comprehensive definition and exploration of the term 'Interest-Elasticity of the Demand for Money' in economics, including its implications and applications within various economic frameworks.
An overview of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), its purpose, history, and analytical frameworks.
Action by central banks or other monetary authorities to influence an exchange rate.
An overview of Keynesian unemployment, its origins, concepts, and mitigating policies
Forms of money which a creditor is legally obliged to accept in settlement of a debt.
A situation in which real interest rates cannot be reduced by any action of the monetary authorities.
An in-depth look at the long rate, focusing on its definition, meaning, historical context, and major analytical frameworks.
A detailed look into the definition, components, and significance of M2 as a measure of money supply in various economies.
An exploration of macroeconomic policy, its objectives, tools, and frameworks.
An exploration of the macroeconomic trilemma, balancing exchange rate stability, monetary policy independence, and capital market openness in an open economy.
A type of currency system influenced by governmental interventions in foreign exchange markets to stabilize or alter currency values.
A deep-dive into the field of monetary economics, exploring its conduct, institutions, and impact on various economic variables.
An in-depth exploration of monetary overhang and its impact on the economy.
The use by the government or central bank of interest rates or controls on the money supply to influence the economy.
The amount of money in an economy, encompassing both the country's own money and any foreign money utilized within the system.
A charge levied by a central bank on deposits by commercial banks intended to prevent currency appreciation or to counter low inflation or deflation.
A school of economics based on rational expectations, market clearing, and policy implications.
A mechanism for determining the general price level in an economy to ensure credible price stability.
An arrangement by two or more countries to pool their foreign exchange reserves, aiming to facilitate trade while reducing the total reserves held individually.
The central bank of the People’s Republic of China, playing a vital role in the formulation and implementation of monetary policies, oversight of the financial markets, and several other key financial functions.
An exploration of the collaborative effort of policy-making among multiple entities, primarily countries, to achieve better economic outcomes by addressing externality effects.
A policy measure under the control of the monetary or fiscal authorities.
The policy combination of tight monetary policy to discourage inflation and lax public finance to encourage real growth during Ronald Reagan's presidency.
The effect on spending of changes in the real value of money balances, influencing inflation and savings behavior.
A comprehensive examination of reflation as an economic policy tool, its historical context, theoretical frameworks, and comparative analysis.
A required minimum proportion between a bank’s reserve assets and its deposits and other liabilities.
An overview of the Reserve Bank of India, its roles, history, functions, and significance in the Indian economy.
The proportion of the total assets of a bank held as reserves.
An overview of reserve requirements as part of monetary policy and banking regulation.
A key element in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) lending mechanism representing the first quarter of a member's quota available under specific conditions.
A comprehensive overview of the historical and economic significance of the 'Rules of the Game' under the gold standard.
Explanation and implications of rules-based policy in economics.
Definition of seigniorage, the profits made from issuing money, commonly referred to as the inflation tax.
A system that autonomously returns to equilibrium after deviations.
A comprehensive examination of the term 'soft currency,' its implications, and comparisons within economic frameworks.
