A comprehensive overview of tradable emission permits and their role in pollution control.
High-level data obtained by combining individual-level data, commonly used to analyze broader economic trends.
A comprehensive analysis of the basic rate of income tax in the UK.
Understanding the behavioural theories of the firm that look into the objectives of individuals and groups within firms rather than rigid profit maximization assumptions.
An extensive overview of the term 'benefit(s)' within the realm of economics, covering various types and implications.
Definition and variations of the term 'billion' in economic contexts
An exploration of capital mobility, its definitions, constraints, and implications.
A detailed examination of Capital Transfer Tax, its meaning, implications, and associated economic concepts.
An overview of the term 'capitalist,' which refers to a person whose income comes from the ownership of capital.
A theory of demand that views each good as a bundle of characteristics, explaining how changes in product specification and new product introduction affect demand.
A systematic listing of various production costs associated with different levels of output.
Understanding 'Counter-Party': Its Definition, Meaning, and Economic Importance
An exploration of the demand schedule, its history, definition, and major analytical frameworks in economics.
A dominant firm is a company that possesses a significant market share in a given sector, typically 40% or more, often due to economies of scale, essential patents, or legal barriers to entry.
A comprehensive look at the concept of a free market, its historical context, analytical frameworks, and related economic theories.
A limit to spending by some private or public body, where the consequences of breaching it are expected to be significant.
An analysis of idiosyncratic risk in economics, its implications and key concepts.
The effect of inflation on the real value of money and government debt denominated in money terms
A detailed examination of the concept of interior solution (interior optimum) in the context of constrained optimization problems.
Comparing the welfare of one individual with another using utility functions.
The concept of intertemporal substitution refers to the replacement of the consumption of a good or service at one point in time by consumption at a different time.
A detailed entry on the concept of an isoprofit curve, its definitions, meanings, and applications in various economic frameworks.
Definition and meaning of the labour market in various economic contexts.
Approximation of an arbitrary function by a linear function, often used to simplify complex economic models.
Exploring the concept of Menu Costs and its implications in economics.
The concept of Minimum Lending Rate (MLR) as used in UK financial policy between 1971 and 1981, and its subsequent replacement by the base rate.
A suspension of the obligation to repay debts, often instituted to allow time for refinancing and to prevent financial panic.
Understanding the concept of Nested Hypothesis in Economics
An in-depth look at the concept and implications of net property income from abroad in economics.
Understanding the concept of an optimum tariff and its implications in international trade economics.
A point below which any further reduction in a tariff would cause serious damage to a domestic industry.
The tendency in countries with a history of high inflation for interest rates to remain higher than abroad
Understanding the concept of product liability, its implications, and its applications in economics and law.
An overview of the progressive tax system where the tax burden rises more than proportionate to the income or ability to pay.
A company whose principal activity is owning and developing property.
An optimal choice to not acquire information when the benefit of using the information is expected to be less than the cost of obtaining it.
Real income refers to income of an individual or group after taking into consideration the effects of inflation on purchasing power.
An exploration into the multiple meanings and contexts of the term 'return' within economics.
Payments made to owners of natural resources, intellectual properties, or creative works under specified agreements.
An exploration of seller concentration, its definition, and implications in economics.
Comprehensive overview of 'Social Cost,' its definitions, major frameworks, and analytical perspectives in economics.
An economic model of duopoly where one firm acts as a leader and the other as a follower, influencing each other's strategic decisions.
A detailed exploration of stochastic volatility in financial economics, its implications, and applications.
An introduction to the concept of strategic behaviour in economics and its implications.
Definition and exploration of the concept of strategic voting in economics and political science.
An overview of the term 'subsistence level' which refers to the minimum level of consumption required for survival.
The excess of what workers can produce over what they need to consume.
A comprehensive overview of syndicates, particularly in the context of Lloyd's of London, including their function, historical perspective, and theoretical frameworks.
An offer to purchase all the shares of a company, thereby acquiring control of it.
An essential term in macroeconomics that aggregates consumer expenditure, government final consumption, and gross domestic capital formation without deductions for imports or capital consumption.
A transitive relation is a relationship between elements where if element A is related to element B and element B is related to element C, then element A is also related to element C.
A comprehensive analysis of the term 'union' in economic contexts, including customs union, payments union, and trade union
A comprehensive insight into the concept of visible trade within economics.
An economics term that denotes the ability of wages to adjust in response to changes in labor market conditions or economic circumstances.
An unexpected increase in personal or corporate income, often considered for non-distortionary taxation.
An economic phenomenon where excessive use of an impure public good reduces its benefit to all users.
A tax imposed on expenditure rather than income; often known as expenditure tax.
An overview of a boom characterized by heightened economic activity, low unemployment, and rising prices.
Overview of equity withdrawal, its significance, applications, and implications in economic analysis.
A rule for efficient commodity taxation based on the inverse relationship between tax rates and demand elasticities.
Market conduct refers to the behaviors and strategic decisions made by firms within a market, influencing structure and performance.
An overview of the concept of monetary control within economics, elucidating its definition, frameworks, and implications.
The function of money through which it can be preserved and used in the future without losing value.
An arrangement by which part of a person's income is protected from taxes.
Understanding Unemployment: Definitions, Measurement, Frameworks, and Analysis
Definition and Explanation of Concentric Merger in Economics
A detailed examination of the concept of 'decile' in economic terms, including definitions, frameworks, and related analytical perspectives.
The concept of opportunity cost deals with the cost of an opportunity forgone, measured by the benefits of the best alternative option.
A term in economics describing an individual whose main income comes from interest on assets.
A detailed exploration of the concept of stochastic processes in economics, including definitions, historical context, and major analytical frameworks.
An unexpected shift of the supply curve to the left, indicating a reduction in the quantity supplied for any given price.
Arc elasticity refers to the ratio of the proportional change in one variable to the proportional change in another, as measured between two points over a finite range.
An overview of the balance of payments, detailing its components, significance, and associated analytical frameworks.
An entry detailing the term 'Bond Default Swap' and its association with 'Credit Default Swap'.
An overview and analysis of the Business Expansion Scheme (BES), a UK fiscal initiative designed to encourage venture capital investments in new businesses.
The transport of goods within a country, typically subject to regulation requiring the use of domestic carriers.
The objective of an enterprise to produce its output at the lowest possible cost while maintaining the specified quality of goods or services.
An in-depth look into the system by which goods or services are provided for deferred payment
A game set in continuous time, where the change in the state variable is determined by the strategies of the two players.
Examination of how distortions impact the efficiency of price mechanisms in an economy.
Understanding the phenomenon where high inflation causes people to abandon their country's currency.
The agreed-upon price for future delivery of commodities, securities, or currencies under a forward contract.
Understanding the characteristics and economic implications of impure public goods.
Comprehensive definition and explanation of income inequality in various economic contexts.
A form of financial futures where the pay-off from the contract is determined by an interest rate.
Payments made between residents of different countries or between residents and international bodies.
A detailed overview of the logistic distribution in economics and statistics.
An in-depth look at the marginal utility of income, its definition, theories, and applications in economic analysis.
The absence of opportunities to earn a risk-free profit with no investment, ensuring market equilibrium.
An economic variable measured in monetary terms, contrasted with real variables and unit-free numbers.
Goods and services which cannot be traded internationally.
Analysis of the concept of overshooting in economic contexts.
Definition and meaning of panel data in economic research and analysis
An exploration of the term 'Research and Development (R&D)', focusing on its definition, historical context, major analytical frameworks, and case studies.
A process by which an uninformed party elicits information from parties with private information, often in the context of economic interactions involving asymmetrical information distribution.
