Econometrics

Nested Models
Definition and meaning of nested models in econometrics
Noise
Definition and Meaning of Noise in Economics
Nonlinear Least Squares Estimator
An estimator that addresses nonlinearities in the least squares estimation process by linearizing first-order conditions for the parameters.
Nonlinear Regression
An in-depth look at nonlinear regression, its meaning, definitions, and analytical frameworks.
Normal Equations
An overview of the term 'normal equations' in the context of econometrics and least squares estimation.
One-Tailed Test
A statistical test where the hypothesis is rejected only for sufficiently large or small values of the test statistic, when the direction of the effect is known beforehand.
Order of Integration
The minimum number of times it is necessary to difference a non-stationary time series to produce a stationary series.
Ordinary Least Squares
A method of estimation of the coefficients in a linear regression by minimizing the sum of squared residuals.
Partial Autocorrelation Coefficient
The definition and meaning of Partial Autocorrelation Coefficient in econometrics and time series analysis.
Partial Correlation
A measure of the degree of linear relationship between two variables after the effect of other variables has been removed.
Pooled Least Squares
Least squares regression analysis that ignores possible group structure of the data
Predetermined Variable - Definition and Meaning
An entry defining the concept of a predetermined variable in econometric models, its significance, and its use in solving the endogeneity problem.
Probit Model
Definition and conceptualization of the probit model in economics, focusing on its role as a discrete choice model using the cumulative normal distribution function.
Propensity Score Matching
A method of estimation of the causal effect of a treatment, or a policy intervention, in observational data.
Quantile Regression
An in-depth exploration of quantile regression, a method used to estimate the quantiles of the conditional distribution of the dependent variable.
Ramsey Regression Equation Specification Error Test (RESET)
An overview of the Ramsey Regression Equation Specification Error Test, a method for identifying linear regression model misspecifications by testing non-linear combinations of explanatory variables.
Recursive Model
A detailed exploration of the recursive model in economics and econometrics.
Reduced Form
A formulation in econometrics where current endogenous variables are expressed in terms of exogenous and predetermined endogenous variables.
Regression Kink Design
A method of estimation designed to find the causal effect when a policy variable has discontinuities in the first derivative, or ‘kinks’.
Rejection Rule
A decision rule for rejecting the null hypothesis in favour of the alternative based on test statistics or p-values.
RESET
An overview of the Ramsey regression equation specification error test (RESET) and its implications in econometrics.
Residual Variation
Variation in the dependent variable not explained by the regression model, represented by the residuals of the regression
Residual: Definition and Meaning
An in-depth analysis of the term 'residual' in the context of economics and econometrics.
Restricted Least Squares Estimator
An estimator method in econometrics used to minimize the sum of squared residuals subject to constraints for hypothesis testing.
Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
An overview of Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), including its definition, historical context, applications, and relevance in various economic theories.
Sample Selectivity Bias
Understanding sample selectivity bias and its implications in econometric analysis
Sampling Distribution
An in-depth exploration of the term 'Sampling Distribution'—a fundamental concept in statistics and econometrics.
Scatter Diagram
A diagram depicting the relation between two characteristics of a set of observations.
Sensitivity Analysis
A method for the assessment of the robustness of predictions of a model to variations in the model assumptions.
Simultaneous Equations Model
An overview of Simultaneous Equations Model (SEM) used in econometrics for modeling relationships among multiple endogenous and exogenous variables.
Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient
A comprehensive entry on the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient, its definition, applications, and significance in economics.
Student’s t-Distribution
Student’s t-distribution is a probability distribution used in statistics to estimate population parameters when the sample size is small.
Time-Series Data
A comprehensive overview of time-series data, including its definition, historical context, analytical frameworks, and related terms.
Tolerance Interval
Definition and exploration of the term 'tolerance interval' in the field of economics and statistics
Trend
An overview of the concept of trend in economics, particularly in time-series data and econometric modeling.
Trend-Cycle Decomposition
A method for analyzing time-series data by separating long-term trends from short-term fluctuations and seasonal components
Two-Stage Least Squares
An econometric method addressing endogeneity in linear regression models by using instrumental variables.
Type I and II Errors
An overview of Type I and II errors, their significance in hypothesis testing, and their implications in economic research.
Unbiased Estimator
Explanation and significance of an unbiased estimator in statistics and econometrics
Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model
A generalization of the univariate model of an autoregressive process to a system of equations describing multivariate time series.
Wald Test
The Wald Test is utilized for testing restrictions on unknown parameters based on the maximum likelihood estimation.
Weak Stationarity
A property of a time series indicating that its mean, variance, and autocovariance structure do not change over time.
Weighted Average
An average giving weights to different numbers in proportion to their importance
Weighted Least Squares Estimator
A comprehensive entry explaining the concept, usage, and analytical frameworks associated with the weighted least squares estimator.
Yule–Walker equations
Difference equations relating the autocorrelation coefficients of an autoregressive process to the coefficients on the lags.
Identification Problem
Exploring the identification problem in economics, its implications, and resolution methods.