# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Bertrand Competition
An overview of Bertrand competition, focusing on its definition, historical context, and analytical frameworks.
Beta Coefficient
Definition and meaning of the Beta Coefficient in economics and finance.
Beta Stocks
Shares in the second rank for frequency of trading on a stock exchange
between-groups estimator
An estimator of the parameters in a linear regression model with panel data, using the time averages of the data for each cross-section unit.
Bid–Ask Spread
Definition and meaning of bid–ask spread in financial markets, detailing its significance and implications.
Big Bang
Definition and meaning of the economic term 'Big Bang,' emphasizing the argument for rapid reforms.
Big Four
A term used to describe either the four largest UK 'high street' banks or the four largest accounting firms.
Big Mac Index
Big Mac Index, a measure introduced by The Economist in 1986, compares exchange rates to the cost of a Big Mac in different countries, illustrating purchasing power parity theory.
Big Push
A doctrine in development economics that suggests the synchronized expansion of multiple sectors is necessary for the development of a poor country.
Big Society
An agenda of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government in the UK, launched in 2010, aimed at giving power to local governments and encouraging community involvement.