# A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
The part of any insured loss which has to be borne by the insured party; also known as an excess in the UK.
Understanding the economic implications and nuances of defence spending, also known as military spending, by governments.
An in-depth exploration of deferred shares, their definitions, and underlying economic principles.
Provision of a pension scheme where contributions are fixed and benefits are determined by the pension fund accumulated
Economics term referring to a progressive reduction in the price level.
An estimate of the difference between the level of effective demand required for a normal level of economic activity at any time, and the actual level during a recession.
An index used to adjust nominal data to real data by removing or accounting for inflation effects, typically in the context of GDP calculations.
Definition and analysis of the concept of degrees of freedom in economics and statistics
The tendency for the industrial sector to account for a decreasing proportion of gross domestic product and employment.
The process of ‘dumbing down’ in education and society characterized by reduced emphasis on quantitative subjects and informed arguments.
A foundational report proposing a single currency and common monetary policy for the European Community.
